Back and lower back pain is one of the most common complaints in medicine.It is second in the number of all resources, losing only for respiratory diseases.Many pathologies can cause pain in the lower back, but often its cause is osteochondrosis of the lower back.How to treat this disease, which symptoms and signs they have will be considered below.
Not long ago, medical science believed that osteochondrosis in the Lombsacro department occurs exclusively due to age -related changes that bring vertebrae and intervertebral discs.However, today, the age characteristic is not exceptional, lumbar spine osteochondrosis is diagnosed in patients in various age groups.To date, the cut age is considered more than 25 years
The causes of the appearance of osteochondrosis in the lower back
It is impossible to name the exact reason, it will almost always be a comprehensive effect of several destructive factors, including the most important can be distinguished:
- Adherence to a passive lifestyleIn terms of motor activity.On their own will, immobilized people, for example, spending many hours on the computer, do not receive a payload, which is why the "corset" muscle occurs and the load on the vertebrae increases.In addition, this hobby is almost always associated with a long stay in the wrong and unnatural poses.
- Hormonal Background Problems, leading to violations with metabolism, which affects the metabolism of spine tissues in the lower back and contributes to destructive processes.This also includes endocrine diseases.
- The presence of congenital or acquired deviationswhen the musculoskeletal system goes through certain changes.This may be reflected in increased loads in the spine spine, for example, the patient with the presence of boring feet, leg curvature or spine.
- Increased chronic chargesIn the lower back.Here, among the risks are people with certain types of professional activity, usually associated with the lifting of weights.This also includes professional athletes who constantly expose their body with peak loads.
- Harmful meal and daily routine.This also includes regular stress exposure.These factors are reflected in the processes of metabolism and affect the periodic restoration of their strengths.
Lumbar spine osteochondrosis
The pathological factors above gradually lead to the manifestation of the disease.However, it can manifest in different ways, being almost asymptomatic at the beginning or with tolerant pain the difficulty in late development.Consider the main degrees of development of osteochondrosis:
- The situation in which the jet core moves on the intervertebral disc.It is characterized by the pain caused by the irritation of the nerve roots of the fibrous ring and longitudinal ligaments.The discomfort is locally felt where a defective disc is placed.Pain can be clear with bastards or permanent idiot.
- When the fibrous layer of the intervertebral disc is destroyed, there is an increase in the mobility of the spine spine elements in this area, they become unstable in relation to each other.To eliminate these pathological manifestations, it is necessary to constantly maintain the muscles of this area, which, as a result, leads to chronic fatigue in the lower back.
- Then there is an advance in the fibrous ring, which is why the core comes out of the disc, forming the intervertebral hernia.This case will be accompanied by the excess of the ends of the nerves, which is called "root syndrome".
- The next degree of osteochondrosis of the Lombsacro Department occurs with severe spinal deformation in this part.There are problems with mobility, but pain syndrome, incredible as it may seem at this stage, disappears.However, you should not rejoice, this does not talk about the fading of the disease.
- The last degree is characterized by the pathological growth of bone tissue and a general deterioration in the good.
Based on the degree of lumbar osteochondrosis, certain treatment methods are used.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis in the lower back
The main symptom is combat syndrome in the lumbar spine.At the same time, the sensations of pain, the area of its location and the direction in which they spread may vary.This is due to the fact that, based on the degree of damage to the intervertebral disc and tissues, certain nerve receptors are irritated.In addition, the role is played by the presence of protrusion or directly a hernia, the direction of its protrusion and many other factors.
The main symptoms for lumbar spine osteochondrosis include:
- The presence of painful lumbar pain, which has a tendency to increase with marked mobility or, conversely, remain without a change of posture for a long time.The pain retreats if you take a horizontal position.
- In addition, weakness in the body is probably below the abdomen, including the lower limbs as well as a tendency of the legs.
- There is a high probability of curvature in the lumbar spinal spine.There is a classification of such curvatures, for example, with emphasis on the right or left side, they talk about scoliosis, lordosis is called a folding situation forward and kyphosis is called when the natural lumbar curve, as it were, is softened.
- With a serious degree of disease development, spinal cord channels are possible, which can cause their dysfunction and lead to uncontrolled urination and feces.
Among the additional symptoms, they observe:
- The presence of numbness and the "coldness" of the skin of the lower back and the buttocks.
- Peeled, dry and blue skin in the same places.
- Harmed urination.
- Problems with an erection.
The presence of these symptoms should alert a person, you cannot wave with them with one hand, this will only lead to greater negligence.In this case, you should definitely consult a doctor for accurate diagnosis and treatment.By the way, treatment may be in a hospital and a home environment, but more about it later.
Disease diagnosis
In the diagnosis, it is important to understand the degree to which the disease enters.The easiest way is palpation in the lower back with the identification of pain zones.Normally, this method is not informative and, besides performing tests that give a more detailed clinical image:
- By radiography, cheap and widespread method, it is possible to evaluate the condition of the spine as an entire and individual vertebra, for example, the lower back into consideration.The technique is not very accurate, allows only an indirect to understand how intervertebral discs and full spine channels are whole.
- Computed tomographyA more accurate method to evaluate the level of damage to the discs between the vertebrae, nerve roots and channels with the spinal cord.
- Magnetic Resonance TomographyThe most accurate method provides a complete image of the defeat in the details, but it is quite expensive and inaccessible.
It should be noted that the diagnostic process is very important, because for a doctor, when prescribing treatment tactics, all developed osteochondrosis details are significant.
Complications for osteochondrosis
The main complications of the pathology are hernias and protrusions, necessarily emerging, if you neglect treatment and leave the development of the disease by gear.Other complications can be:
- Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.
- Spondylartrosis.
- Schmorl Hernia.
- Spondylosis.
- Problems caused by tweezers of spinal channels.
- Functionality disorders in the pelvis.
- Development of Claudication.
Treatment of osteochondrosis in the lower back
With the diagnosis of lumbar spine osteochondrosis, a wide range of therapy is required, whose main aspects will be:
- The use of moderate loads.
- Special drugs.
- The traction of the spine of the spine.
- Manual therapy sessions.
- Physiotherapy.
- Therapeutic massages.
The concept of "treatment" for osteochondrosis implies:
- Suppression of inflammation.
- Removing pain syndrome.
- The complex to strengthen the lumbar and adjacent muscle groups.
- Free of chronic muscle tension.
- Increasing the functionality of the organs in the pelvis.
- Normalization of blood circulation and metabolism in the pathology zone.
Medicine treatment
A similar approach to the treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis includes taking medications, special medications injections, use of ointments and gels for external use.The main task of such drugs is to neutralize the pain and the inflammatory process.
Based on the degree of spine osteochondrosis in the lower back, the following medications may be prescribed by the doctor:
- Analgesics that have an anesthetic effect.
- Preparations against inflammation of non -steroid origin.
- With muscle spasms, antispasmodic.
- Cartilage restoration medications, called chondroprotectors.Its effectiveness is not proven;Therefore, they are rarely used in traditional medicine.
- In case of severe pathologies, when the above funds do not help, they resort to corticosteroids.
- Vitamin complexes.
In addition to these funds, the drugs are prescribed in tablets, whose goal is to calm the nervous system, fight stress and depression.
Physiotherapy treatment for lumbar region osteochondrosis
The treatment process is rarely limited to taking only pills.Pathology into consideration cannot be cured without stimulating spinal restoration processes.For these purposes, a wide range of physiotherapeutic procedures is used, the most popular are:
- Phonophoresis.
- Therapy with diabnamic currents.
- Laser therapy.
In addition, the spine should receive useful loads, fragmenting -simultaneously.Various types of therapeutic massage are ideal for this.It should be remembered that the massage is used only for the pain removed.As a rule, it is performed as a restorative measure with the process of disease remission or chronic osteochondrosis.After massage, muscle muscles survived by disease relax well, their effect will increase significantly with warming simultaneously, for example, in a bath or sauna.In the latter case, we will be the maximum effect due to the additional stimulation of blood circulation in the area of pathology and surrounding areas.
Another method of physical therapy is manual therapy.Its advantages are generally the same as massage, but in addition to such techniques, an expert may return vertebrae displaced to the normal position.
Therapeutic gymnastics
Therapeutic gymnastics is also used as a restorative and preventive measure in the period when pain and inflammatory process have already been removed.The guarantee of high efficiency of therapeutic exercises in the regularity of the exercises, in this case, the damaged area will constantly receive the motor activity necessary for the self -generation of new tissues and recovery.
Surgical surgery for osteochondrosis from the lower back
Surgical surgery is an extreme measure prescribed for severe complications.The most frequent of these is intervertebral hernia when the “descendetomy” of SO is performed or the removal of the affected intervertebral disc is performed.The operation is very effective, however, being the extreme extreme, its goal occurs only if other therapy methods have no resulted for more than 6 months.Modern medicine also offers less traumatic conduction methods of such an operation, for example, a microcurrent or endoscopic method.